As one of the largest publishers in the world, the US government publishes much of its resources for free online. Materials that aren't available online can be found in federal repositories. The Reese Library's Government Information Department is a federal repository located on the 2nd floor. Here you can find thousands of documents and a friendly staff to help locate government publications.
Much of the US government's information can be found online, here are popular databases produced for public use:
GovInfo : official database for digital government information
Congress.gov : official source for federal legislative information (replacing THOMAS)
Census.gov : source for data related to a wide-range of information about economics, demographics, education, etc.
Data.gov: official source for governmental statistics and data
Bureau of Economic Analysis : source for US economic information
HealthFinder : source for government-related health information from the DHHS
NCES : source for education statistics from the DOE.
NCJRS : source for information related to criminal justice
Occupational Outlook Handbook: premier source for labor-related statistics
State & Local Governments also publish information online. Often, you can go to the department or agency and find information on their website.
Many local governments or regional organizations have their own community development resources. Searching Google for "community development [area name]" can usually yield results.
For example, here are some resources for Augusta/CSRA: